Most of the insects that we encounter are arthropods or Hymenoptera (bees, hornets, yellow jackets and wasps). Insects in our area that can transmit illnesses include ticks, deer flies, mosquitoes, chiggers and mites and spiders. Some persons are allergic to bee or wasps that can lead to severe anaphylactic reactions.

First aid (self) care of insect bites and stings (Adapted from WebMD)

• If stung or bitten, leave the area where it occurred.

• If you have been stung by a bee and the stinger is still in the skin, remove the stinger as quickly as possible.

• Apply an ice pack to a bite or sting for 15 to 20 minutes once an hour for the first 6 hours. Always keep a cloth between your skin and the ice pack.

• OTC antihistamines, such as Benadryl, may help relieve itching, redness and swelling; for children, check with your doctor first. Be sure to follow the nonprescription medicine instructions.

• Anesthetic spray containing benzocaine can be helpful in reducing pain.

• Hydrocortisone 1% cream or calamine lotion applied to the skin may help relieve itching and redness. Note: Do not use the cream on children younger than age 2 unless your doctor tells you to.

When to seek medical care

1. See your doctor if you develop generalized hives (red, raised blotchy skin lesions that are very itchy) or any other unusual rash.

2. Infected bites appear red, with or without pus, warm to touch, and may have red streaks spreading up an extremity, along with elevated fever. This situation requires urgent medical care.

3. Call your doctor if there is an open wound associated with spider bites.

4. If you have a known allergy that leads to a serious reaction, always carry a fresh epinephrine-pen.

Suggestions on minimizing your risk of bee stings or bites

1. Know the insects that cause you problems. Avoid them if you can.

2. Wear shoes and socks and long pants when in rural or wooded areas.

3. Perfumes and brightly colored clothing attracts insects.

4. If you have severe allergies, try to have someone with you if outside hiking or camping.

5. Spray garbage cans regularly with insecticide, and keep the cans covered.

6. If you’re severely allergic, always wear identification bands that list your allergy.